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eBook details

• Title: Latent Attractors
• Author : Simona Doboli
• Release Date : January 18, 2013
• Genre: Medical,Books,Professional & Technical,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 19600 KB

Description

The hippocampus is an important area in the brain involved mainly in memory processes. In humans, the hippocampus is essential for the formation and consolidation of memory, and is a primary target of Alzheimer's disease. In other animals, the hippocampus is especially involved in spatial tasks (e.g. navigation). It has been the subject of extensive experimental and theoretical investigation due to its major role in memory and cognition. This thesis focuses mainly on the mechanisms of context-dependent, non-linear spatial information processing in the rodent hippocampus. There is strong experimental evidence that the hippocampus creates and stores cognitive maps of an animal's environment. These maps facilitate path planning and goal-directed behavior – all tasks of great interest in robots as well as animals. However, the mechanisms of spatial information processing in the hippocampus are not completely understood. One aspect of cognitive maps that is not yet clarified is their dependence on the past experience, or context. The first part of the thesis focuses on developing computational models for context-dependent cognitive maps. These models are based on the idea of latent attractors – patterns embedded in recurrent neural networks that influence network dynamics and the response to external inputs without becoming fully manifested themselves. Context-dependent information processing is important not only in animal cognition, but also for problems such as robot navigation, sequence disambiguation, sequential recognition, etc. In the second part of the thesis the biologically inspired concept of latent attractor networks is studied as a general computational paradigm for solving context-dependent problems with neural networks. To gain better understanding of the capabilities of latent attractor networks, a theoretical analysis of their capacity and dynamics is performed. In addition to the model for context-dependence, more comprehensive computational models of the hippocampus are developed to explain specific experimental results such as the effect of changes in the environment on cognitive maps.

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